Idiopathic scoliosis: why early detection is crucial

Idiopathic scoliosis during growth represents one of the most complex - and at the same time most underestimated - conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system. In the majority of cases, it is asymptomatic, which allows the condition to remain silent for years and frequently go undetected, particularly during adolescence.

During this delicate phase of growth, several factors come into play: bodily changes, modesty, and the increasing independence of boys and girls, who tend to show themselves less to their parents. All of this often leads to the back no longer being regularly observed, so scoliosis only becomes apparent when the deformity is already evident and skeletal maturity is almost complete, significantly limiting treatment options.

What is idiopathic scoliosis?

Idiopathic scoliosis is a structural alteration of the spine involving all three planes of space. It is important not to confuse it with scoliotic posture or functional scoliosis.

It develops mainly during periods of rapid growth, particularly in adolescence, generally after the age of 10, and may progress until full skeletal maturity is reached.

Why early diagnosis is crucial

When identified early during growth, scoliosis can be effectively monitored and managed through conservative treatment strategies. Conversely, late diagnosis - once skeletal maturity has been reached - leads to structural consolidation of the deformity and a marked reduction in the effectiveness of non-surgical interventions.

The Bending Test

The Bending Test is a quick, non-invasive physical examination. The patient bends forward with knees extended and arms relaxed; posterior observation allows the clinician to identify any rib humps or vertebral rotation.

It is important to emphasize that the Bending Test does not provide a diagnosis and that, in the presence of rib humps or signs of vertebral rotation, a thorough specialist assessment is essential.

Treatment options

Depending on the Cobb angle and skeletal maturity, treatment options include:

• Specific therapeutic exercises;
• Orthotic treatment;
• Surgical intervention in the most severe cases.

The Rovatti Method

The Rovatti Method uses three-dimensional corrective exercises that mimic the action of the therapist’s hands through the use of elastic bands adapted to the individual’s characteristics. This creates vectors that promote correction during therapeutic exercise in a continuous manner, stimulating proprioception and helping the patient internalize the correction.

Scoliosis in adults
Can people with scoliosis practice sports? Absolutely yes. A targeted and well-structured muscle-strengthening program can significantly improve quality of life.

For many years, swimming was prescribed as a treatment for scoliosis, but current evidence shows that it is not a recommended sport. The absence of load and antigravity stimuli does not promote postural self-correction.

Scoliosis management requires early assessment, an individualized approach, and a targeted exercise program.